TREVINO

Name: TREVINO lease production and value, Jun 1994 onwards
Creator: Railroad Commission of Texas
License: https://www.rrc.texas.gov/site-policies/

Operated by HILCORP ENERGY COMPANY (P-5 386310) in the CISCO-BENAVIDES (LOBO CONS.) field. Every figure below is a volume the Railroad Commission published, multiplied by a monthly price you can check.

Gas lease lease 150174District 04Field 182962252 tax incentive programmesCondensateGasSave Export

Value, all time

$3.6 M

Jun 1994 – Jul 2021

Value, last 12 filed months

$31 k

at the published price for each month

Months reported

326

no gaps in the span

Streams

condensate, gas

The CISCO-BENAVIDES (LOBO CONS.) field

The Railroad Commission's own record for the field this lease produces from, including the spacing rule that governs how close together its wells may be drilled.

These are facts about the field, not about this lease. The field holds 264 leases and 264 wells, and the rule below applies to all of them.

Discovered

1999-06-29

as the register files it

Field class

Gas

the register's own label

Between wells

0 ft

minimum

From a lease line

467 ft

minimum

A drilling unit in this field needs at least 40 acres. The field rule took effect on 2009-06-18.

The Commission's schedule remark for this field reads: “SUSPENDED. OPERATORS ARE REQUIRED TO PERFORM ANNUAL G-10 TESTS.”

Severance-tax incentive filings

Applications the operator filed to have this lease's gas taxed at a reduced state rate. A filing is an application, and this page never calls one a reduction that was granted.

Programme	Filings	With an approval date	Dated	Docket
High Cost Gas	1	1	1994-08-04	130421
NGPA	1	none	—	—

This says nothing about a royalty. A severance tax is charged to the operator. Whether a reduced rate reaches a royalty owner depends on the wording of the lease instrument, which is a private contract this site does not hold.

What this lease produced, and what it was worth

Oil and condensate are valued on the volume the state records as disposed of; gas and casinghead gas on the volume produced. They are different columns of different files, and the difference is not cosmetic.

Stream	Basis	Volume	Value
Condensate	Disposition	9 bbl	$207
Gas	Production	1,680,111 Mcf	$3,557,621
Total			$3,557,828

761,654 Mcf of this lease's gas, across 31 months, carries no value here. No free Texas wellhead gas price exists before 1997, so those months are left out of the total rather than valued at zero. The total above is therefore a floor, not an estimate.

Wells on this lease (1)

Every wellbore the Railroad Commission records against this lease key, with the depth, the last completion and the plug date exactly as filed. A well with no plug date is not stated to be producing — the state files no such flag.

These wells centre on 26.9991, -99.2988. A lease has no coordinate of its own — that point is the mean of its wells, and they span 0.0 miles.

What these wells add up to

Every figure below is counted over all of this lease's wells, not over the rows listed above. The Railroad Commission files two facts about a well's state — a plug date and a proration-schedule flag — and a well can carry both, so they are published as separate counts and never merged into a status.

On the schedule

100.0%

1 of 1 wells

With a plug date

0.0%

0 of 1 wells

Median depth

10,000 ft

1 wells filed one

Completion to plug

—

no well filed both dates

What the state filed about each well

On the RRC proration schedule

1100.0%

A plug date is filed

00.0%

BothOn the schedule and plugged. Neither fact cancels the other.

00.0%

NeitherNo plug date, and not on the schedule.

00.0%

A plug date is the date the Commission recorded the wellbore as sealed with cement and abandoned. It is the only end-of-life fact Texas files. There is no "active" flag on a well, so this page does not print one — a well with no plug date is not stated to be producing.

How deep they were drilled

The one well that filed a depth was drilled to 10,000 ft.

Completions filed

Jul 2021

1 of 1 wells

1 well


42-50533174	16	10,000 ft	Jul 2021	—	Yes

The API number is the state's, prefixed 42 for Texas. A well is matched to this lease by the lease key the Commission files on the wellbore record, so a well that has moved between leases appears under each one it was filed against.

Every month this lease reported (326)

Volume × price = value, one row per cycle. The price columns are the same series published on the prices page — nothing here is modelled.

326 months


Jul 2021	0	227	70.78	3.98	$904
Jun 2021	0	699	69.49	3.38	$2,363
May 2021	0	862	63.48	3.02	$2,601
Apr 2021	0	886	60.36	2.76	$2,444
Mar 2021	0	909	61.30	2.72	$2,470
Feb 2021	0	820	57.80	5.55	$4,549
Jan 2021	0	1,237	50.41	2.81	$3,476
Dec 2020	0	893	44.64	2.68	$2,389
Nov 2020	0	1,036	38.77	2.71	$2,804
Oct 2020	0	1,045	36.97	2.48	$2,590
Sep 2020	0	937	37.09	1.99	$1,866
Aug 2020	0	1,076	39.98	2.39	$2,566
Jul 2020	0	918	38.37	1.83	$1,675
Jun 2020	0	925	34.90	1.69	$1,564
May 2020	0	1,236	16.92	1.81	$2,243
Apr 2020	0	864	14.75	1.80	$1,559
Mar 2020	0	922	30.34	1.86	$1,711
Feb 2020	0	829	49.88	1.98	$1,642
Jan 2020	0	1,002	57.25	2.09	$2,099
Dec 2019	0	993	59.01	2.30	$2,288
Nov 2019	0	1,014	55.30	2.75	$2,789
Oct 2019	0	1,210	53.47	2.42	$2,926
Sep 2019	0	1,117	55.05	2.66	$2,968
Aug 2019	0	1,475	53.11	2.30	$3,399
Jul 2019	0	1,285	56.27	2.46	$3,161
Jun 2019	0	1,598	52.78	2.49	$3,981
May 2019	0	1,667	58.48	2.74	$4,568
Apr 2019	0	1,363	62.63	2.75	$3,749
Mar 2019	0	1,407	56.80	3.06	$4,308
Feb 2019	0	1,478	50.85	2.79	$4,127
Jan 2019	0	1,743	46.03	3.23	$5,627
Dec 2018	0	1,797	46.59	4.19	$7,521
Nov 2018	0	1,855	52.93	4.24	$7,860
Oct 2018	0	1,486	61.44	3.40	$5,050
Sep 2018	0	1,543	59.54	3.11	$4,796
Aug 2018	0	1,547	59.40	3.07	$4,744
Jul 2018	0	1,737	65.14	2.93	$5,093
Jun 2018	0	1,973	60.18	3.08	$6,071
May 2018	0	2,295	65.38	2.90	$6,657
Apr 2018	0	2,308	63.84	2.90	$6,695
Mar 2018	0	2,342	61.22	2.79	$6,527
Feb 2018	0	1,927	61.78	2.77	$5,330
Jan 2018	0	1,953	62.87	4.01	$7,830
Dec 2017	0	1,798	57.27	2.92	$5,253
Nov 2017	0	1,089	55.42	3.12	$3,396
Oct 2017	0	983	49.29	2.98	$2,933
Sep 2017	0	1,088	47.52	3.09	$3,359
Aug 2017	0	1,037	45.37	3.00	$3,116
Jul 2017	0	1,017	43.87	3.09	$3,140
Jun 2017	0	1,307	42.49	3.09	$4,035
May 2017	0	948	45.37	3.26	$3,094
Apr 2017	0	840	47.93	3.21	$2,698
Mar 2017	0	918	46.77	2.98	$2,739
Feb 2017	0	850	50.45	2.95	$2,510
Jan 2017	0	1,010	49.41	3.42	$3,453
Dec 2016	0	979	48.76	3.72	$3,645
Nov 2016	0	846	42.49	2.64	$2,237
Oct 2016	0	750	46.19	3.09	$2,318
Sep 2016	0	842	41.55	3.10	$2,611
Aug 2016	0	915	41.44	2.92	$2,676
Jul 2016	0	975	41.62	2.92	$2,851
Jun 2016	0	1,019	45.35	2.69	$2,737
May 2016	0	1,329	42.52	1.99	$2,646
Apr 2016	0	1,059	36.56	1.99	$2,109
Mar 2016	0	1,022	33.01	1.79	$1,833
Feb 2016	0	958	26.47	2.06	$1,977
Jan 2016	0	1,211	27.35	2.36	$2,863
Dec 2015	0	1,319	32.36	2.00	$2,640
Nov 2015	0	1,183	38.79	2.17	$2,564
Oct 2015	0	1,301	43.55	2.43	$3,157
Sep 2015	0	1,379	42.99	2.76	$3,804
Aug 2015	0	1,402	40.16	2.87	$4,027
Jul 2015	0	1,357	48.15	2.95	$3,996
Jun 2015	0	1,381	56.15	2.88	$3,981
May 2015	0	1,369	55.21	2.96	$4,046
Apr 2015	0	1,323	49.82	2.71	$3,581
Mar 2015	0	1,333	42.89	2.93	$3,912
Feb 2015	0	1,260	44.66	2.98	$3,750
Jan 2015	0	1,339	43.43	3.10	$4,152
Dec 2014	0	1,461	54.69	3.59	$5,247
Nov 2014	0	1,512	70.46	4.25	$6,429
Oct 2014	0	1,519	78.30	3.90	$5,926
Sep 2014	0	1,689	86.16	4.05	$6,833
Aug 2014	0	1,396	89.39	4.04	$5,633
Jul 2014	0	1,386	96.56	4.18	$5,793
Jun 2014	0	1,346	98.16	4.74	$6,376
May 2014	0	1,427	94.73	4.73	$6,745
Apr 2014	0	1,462	95.94	4.81	$7,031
Mar 2014	0	1,240	95.89	5.06	$6,270
Feb 2014	0	1,542	97.40	6.19	$9,548
Jan 2014	0	1,659	90.40	4.86	$8,064
Dec 2013	0	2,021	91.82	4.35	$8,800
Nov 2013	0	1,851	88.85	3.74	$6,920
Oct 2013	0	1,538	97.42	3.78	$5,813
Sep 2013	0	1,678	104.11	3.72	$6,238
Aug 2013	0	1,843	104.25	3.52	$6,492
Jul 2013	0	2,098	102.52	3.72	$7,800
Jun 2013	0	792	94.40	3.93	$3,115
May 2013	0	1,435	94.83	4.15	$5,954
Apr 2013	0	1,668	93.96	4.28	$7,143
Mar 2013	0	2,507	93.62	3.91	$9,810
Feb 2013	0	1,849	91.23	3.42	$6,323
Jan 2013	0	2,157	91.60	3.42	$7,377
Dec 2012	0	2,066	86.77	3.42	$7,066
Nov 2012	0	1,856	86.95	3.62	$6,728
Oct 2012	0	2,397	89.38	3.40	$8,149
Sep 2012	0	2,144	94.67	2.92	$6,257
Aug 2012	0	2,471	92.66	2.91	$7,186
Jul 2012	0	2,529	85.13	3.02	$7,640
Jun 2012	0	2,267	79.82	2.52	$5,711
May 2012	0	2,553	91.61	2.49	$6,353
Apr 2012	0	1,736	101.65	2.00	$3,466
Mar 2012	0	2,162	105.05	2.22	$4,804
Feb 2012	0	2,546	101.10	2.57	$6,544
Jan 2012	0	2,815	98.09	2.73	$7,696
Dec 2011	0	3,020	96.87	3.24	$9,784
Nov 2011	0	2,652	95.72	3.31	$8,782
Oct 2011	0	3,076	84.98	3.65	$11,223
Sep 2011	0	2,590	83.62	3.99	$10,323
Aug 2011	0	2,791	83.40	4.15	$11,581
Jul 2011	0	3,040	94.14	4.52	$13,732
Jun 2011	0	2,564	92.90	4.64	$11,897
May 2011	0	3,397	98.13	4.40	$14,963
Apr 2011	0	2,992	105.96	4.33	$12,965
Mar 2011	0	2,405	96.36	4.06	$9,758
Feb 2011	0	2,831	85.64	4.18	$11,834
Jan 2011	0	3,200	86.50	4.59	$14,684
Dec 2010	0	3,104	85.73	4.35	$13,495
Nov 2010	0	3,312	80.84	3.80	$12,570
Oct 2010	0	0	78.10	3.51	$0
Sep 2010	0	2,802	72.63	3.98	$11,150
Aug 2010	0	0	73.68	4.42	$0
Jul 2010	0	2,576	72.55	4.74	$12,201
Jun 2010	0	2,214	70.36	4.91	$10,872
May 2010	0	2,392	71.12	4.24	$10,131
Apr 2010	0	3,135	81.69	4.12	$12,925
Mar 2010	0	2,880	78.39	4.39	$12,639
Feb 2010	0	3,357	73.58	5.44	$18,270
Jan 2010	0	3,048	74.36	5.96	$18,179
Dec 2009	0	624	71.44	5.48	$3,422
Nov 2009	0	3,536	74.59	3.75	$13,265
Oct 2009	0	1,643	72.54	4.11	$6,753
Sep 2009	0	3,881	65.54	3.06	$11,894
Aug 2009	0	2,617	67.42	3.22	$8,423
Jul 2009	0	4,675	61.13	3.46	$16,197
Jun 2009	0	1,446	66.16	3.90	$5,632
May 2009	0	342	54.74	3.93	$1,343
Apr 2009	0	647	46.77	3.59	$2,321
Mar 2009	0	718	42.14	4.06	$2,914
Feb 2009	0	1,162	32.81	4.63	$5,384
Jan 2009	0	5,223	35.86	5.37	$28,053
Dec 2008	0	118	37.10	5.98	$705
Nov 2008	0	131	55.49	6.86	$899
Oct 2008	0	212	75.24	6.92	$1,467
Sep 2008	0	787	101.76	7.88	$6,199
Aug 2008	0	1,151	114.22	8.48	$9,764
Jul 2008	0	1,154	131.08	11.39	$13,143
Jun 2008	0	1,060	131.33	13.03	$13,815
May 2008	0	908	123.17	11.57	$10,509
Apr 2008	0	165	110.31	10.45	$1,725
Mar 2008	0	554	101.90	9.66	$5,354
Feb 2008	0	345	92.53	8.77	$3,026
Jan 2008	0	91	90.38	8.21	$747
Dec 2007	0	712	88.33	7.30	$5,199
Nov 2007	0	1,143	91.67	7.29	$8,334
Oct 2007	0	332	82.85	6.92	$2,298
Sep 2007	0	476	75.84	6.24	$2,972
Aug 2007	0	584	69.06	6.39	$3,731
Jul 2007	0	742	70.90	6.39	$4,740
Jun 2007	0	873	62.00	7.55	$6,590
May 2007	0	4,087	58.74	7.85	$32,068
Apr 2007	0	994	59.61	7.81	$7,758
Mar 2007	0	2,151	56.92	7.30	$15,707
Feb 2007	0	1,424	55.10	8.22	$11,700
Jan 2007	0	2,876	50.30	6.73	$19,346
Dec 2006	0	2,858	56.65	6.92	$19,773
Nov 2006	0	3,246	54.20	7.62	$24,726
Oct 2006	0	1,117	54.90	6.01	$6,717
Sep 2006	0	2,444	60.08	5.04	$12,311
Aug 2006	0	2,258	68.71	7.34	$16,574
Jul 2006	0	3,105	69.37	6.34	$19,694
Jun 2006	0	2,820	66.28	6.38	$18,003
May 2006	0	1,799	66.01	6.42	$11,559
Apr 2006	0	2,365	64.39	7.36	$17,408
Mar 2006	0	2,159	56.70	7.08	$15,292
Feb 2006	0	3,358	57.59	7.75	$26,028
Jan 2006	0	1,656	60.59	8.93	$14,794
Dec 2005	0	3,224	54.94	13.42	$43,251
Nov 2005	0	2,236	54.69	10.59	$23,676
Oct 2005	0	2,919	58.34	13.80	$40,270
Sep 2005	0	2,586	61.45	12.08	$31,236
Aug 2005	0	2,513	61.51	9.80	$24,619
Jul 2005	0	3,662	55.69	7.84	$28,723
Jun 2005	0	3,386	52.33	7.38	$24,992
May 2005	0	3,706	45.22	6.65	$24,649
Apr 2005	0	2,755	49.20	7.36	$20,278
Mar 2005	0	3,524	50.37	7.15	$25,214
Feb 2005	0	3,115	45.22	6.31	$19,662
Jan 2005	0	3,521	43.16	6.32	$22,260
Dec 2004	1	2,570	39.86	6.75	$17,390
Nov 2004	0	4,117	45.28	6.33	$26,062
Oct 2004	0	2,913	49.70	6.52	$18,978
Sep 2004	1	2,866	43.24	5.28	$15,187
Aug 2004	0	3,961	42.37	5.55	$21,986
Jul 2004	0	4,118	38.28	6.08	$25,055
Jun 2004	0	3,035	36.10	6.43	$19,524
May 2004	0	4,710	37.48	6.49	$30,589
Apr 2004	0	3,321	34.47	5.86	$19,456
Mar 2004	0	2,661	34.36	5.53	$14,716
Feb 2004	0	2,821	32.45	5.51	$15,543
Jan 2004	0	2,591	32.03	6.30	$16,322
Dec 2003	0	1,930	30.26	6.30	$12,162
Nov 2003	0	2,638	28.80	4.60	$12,122
Oct 2003	0	0	28.17	4.76	$0
Sep 2003	0	1,699	26.31	4.75	$8,069
Aug 2003	0	3,980	29.76	5.13	$20,416
Jul 2003	0	4,453	29.41	5.17	$23,026
Jun 2003	0	2,934	28.56	5.98	$17,554
May 2003	0	4,264	26.59	5.97	$25,468
Apr 2003	0	3,820	26.67	5.41	$20,656
Mar 2003	0	3,947	31.14	6.10	$24,061
Feb 2003	0	3,504	33.48	7.93	$27,772
Jan 2003	0	4,631	30.31	5.58	$25,850
Dec 2002	0	3,681	26.91	4.85	$17,867
Nov 2002	0	4,270	24.66	4.14	$17,665
Oct 2002	0	4,020	26.46	4.23	$17,001
Sep 2002	0	4,751	27.44	3.64	$17,271
Aug 2002	0	4,741	25.96	3.16	$15,001
Jul 2002	0	4,603	24.58	3.06	$14,093
Jun 2002	0	3,523	23.73	3.34	$11,761
May 2002	0	3,715	24.66	3.58	$13,315
Apr 2002	1	4,337	23.65	3.51	$15,257
Mar 2002	0	5,011	22.00	3.10	$15,548
Feb 2002	0	4,790	18.22	2.38	$11,380
Jan 2002	0	5,927	17.17	2.38	$14,081
Dec 2001	0	3,670	16.93	2.36	$8,677
Nov 2001	0	5,227	18.07	2.41	$12,574
Oct 2001	0	5,939	19.78	2.53	$15,019
Sep 2001	0	5,818	24.26	2.25	$13,098
Aug 2001	0	7,222	24.87	3.05	$22,050
Jul 2001	0	7,981	23.93	3.20	$25,516
Jun 2001	0	5,805	24.56	3.82	$22,199
May 2001	0	6,118	25.52	4.31	$26,352
Apr 2001	0	6,210	24.68	5.34	$33,132
Mar 2001	0	2,090	24.54	5.38	$11,237
Feb 2001	0	5,081	27.75	5.77	$29,303
Jan 2001	0	6,260	27.47	8.40	$52,576
Dec 2000	0	5,823	26.88	9.12	$53,120
Nov 2000	0	6,194	32.21	5.66	$35,046
Oct 2000	0	6,054	31.23	5.15	$31,151
Sep 2000	0	6,678	31.87	5.19	$34,635
Aug 2000	0	8,160	29.64	4.54	$37,053
Jul 2000	0	1,162	28.53	4.09	$4,752
Jun 2000	0	6,192	29.30	4.40	$27,228
May 2000	0	5,423	27.26	3.68	$19,955
Apr 2000	0	7,875	24.51	3.12	$24,539
Mar 2000	0	3,630	28.42	2.86	$10,381
Feb 2000	0	5,465	27.62	2.73	$14,900
Jan 2000	0	7,430	25.27	2.48	$18,430
Dec 1999	0	8,519	24.28	2.42	$20,648
Nov 1999	0	5,359	23.19	2.43	$13,044
Oct 1999	0	8,060	20.98	2.80	$22,598
Sep 1999	0	7,045	21.75	2.62	$18,450
Aug 1999	0	6,233	19.26	2.88	$17,924
Jul 1999	0	8,051	17.89	2.37	$19,100
Jun 1999	0	6,594	15.94	2.36	$15,576
May 1999	0	7,548	15.79	2.32	$17,519
Apr 1999	0	6,180	15.10	2.21	$13,646
Mar 1999	0	9,312	12.47	1.84	$17,119
Feb 1999	0	8,486	9.98	1.82	$15,426
Jan 1999	0	7,491	10.38	1.90	$14,233
Dec 1998	0	6,477	9.20	1.77	$11,486
Nov 1998	0	6,728	10.89	2.19	$14,706
Oct 1998	0	8,230	12.42	1.97	$16,207
Sep 1998	0	7,494	12.59	2.08	$15,607
Aug 1998	0	9,635	11.30	1.91	$18,377
Jul 1998	0	6,564	11.74	2.24	$14,685
Jun 1998	0	8,252	11.24	2.24	$18,462
May 1998	0	8,536	12.62	2.21	$18,833
Apr 1998	0	7,326	13.04	2.51	$18,354
Mar 1998	0	8,265	12.80	2.31	$19,088
Feb 1998	0	7,980	13.95	2.30	$18,347
Jan 1998	0	7,929	14.70	2.15	$17,085
Dec 1997	0	8,547	16.32	2.41	$20,608
Nov 1997	0	8,664	18.19	3.09	$26,757
Oct 1997	0	7,417	19.25	3.15	$23,362
Sep 1997	0	8,080	17.74	2.95	$23,875
Aug 1997	0	9,229	17.86	2.55	$23,578
Jul 1997	0	8,961	17.58	2.25	$20,135
Jun 1997	0	9,873	17.24	2.26	$22,285
May 1997	0	12,350	18.97	2.31	$28,510
Apr 1997	0	11,851	17.88	2.08	$24,683
Mar 1997	1	13,544	18.95	1.94	$26,283
Feb 1997	0	12,359	20.49	2.21	$27,263
Jan 1997	0	13,844	23.48	3.54	$49,004
Dec 1996	0	16,173	23.32	—	$0
Nov 1996	0	15,512	21.97	—	$0
Oct 1996	0	12,139	23.31	—	$0
Sep 1996	0	12,297	22.22	—	$0
Aug 1996	0	13,615	20.26	—	$0
Jul 1996	0	13,502	19.55	—	$0
Jun 1996	0	11,926	18.73	—	$0
May 1996	0	13,813	19.43	—	$0
Apr 1996	0	15,414	21.51	—	$0
Mar 1996	0	15,933	19.38	—	$0
Feb 1996	0	14,997	16.98	—	$0
Jan 1996	0	19,075	17.07	—	$0
Dec 1995	0	18,999	17.19	—	$0
Nov 1995	0	17,620	16.00	—	$0
Oct 1995	0	20,273	15.43	—	$0
Sep 1995	0	20,122	16.18	—	$0
Aug 1995	0	22,341	15.92	—	$0
Jul 1995	0	22,536	15.24	—	$0
Jun 1995	1	23,500	16.41	—	$16
May 1995	0	25,513	17.56	—	$0
Apr 1995	1	26,231	17.73	—	$18
Mar 1995	1	28,220	16.44	—	$16
Feb 1995	0	28,072	16.58	—	$0
Jan 1995	0	37,868	15.92	—	$0
Dec 1994	1	33,155	15.03	—	$15
Nov 1994	1	34,265	15.90	—	$16
Oct 1994	0	41,545	15.58	—	$0
Sep 1994	0	45,388	15.29	—	$0
Aug 1994	0	50,191	16.13	—	$0
Jul 1994	0	70,786	17.56	—	$0
Jun 1994	0	20,633	17.09	—	$0

How to read this page

The arithmetic is one multiplication per stream per month. Here it is, worked, on a real row from the table above.

Jul 2021 — as filed, then multipliedworked

Condensate             0 bbl  × $ 70.78 =         $0
Gas                  227 Mcf  × $  3.98 =       $904

────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Month total                                     $904

The volumes are the state's, unchanged

Every barrel and every Mcf on this page is a number the Railroad Commission of Texas published in its monthly production query. Nothing is modelled, estimated or filled in.

The dollars are a multiplication, not a valuation

Volume × a published monthly price. It is not what the operator was paid: it takes no account of a contract, a differential, a transportation deduction, or the share any one owner holds.

Oil and gas are priced differently

Oil is a Texas realisation — the crude oil first purchase price. Gas is a benchmark, because no free Texas wellhead gas series exists at any date. The prices page publishes the difference rather than correcting it away.

A lease is not a well

The state reports oil on lease and gas on well, and this page is the lease grain. 04/G/150174 is the state's own key, not one this site invented.